25^th International Conference on Food and Nutrition Science September 29-30, 2020 Osaka, Japan

Biography:

Chibundu holds a PhD from University of Ibadan (Nigeria) and postdoctoral studies from the Institute of Bioanalytics and Agro–Metabolomics, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna (BOKU), Austria. He is presently Professor (Associate) of Food Microbiology and Mycotoxicology at Babcock University since 2018. He is author and collector of these novel fungal species: Aspergillus aflatoxiformans, A. austiwickii, A. cerealis and Fusarium madaensis. He has published more than 90 papers in reputed peer-review journals and serves as reviewer for top environmental and public health journals such as Environment International, The Lancet Global Health and Lancet Planetary Health.

Abstract:

Dietary mycotoxin exposure in infants determined by examining several biological samples is scarce. Consequently, we adopted a multi-specimen, multi-mycotoxin approach to elucidate mycotoxin co-exposure patterns in 65 infants (aged 1–18 months) in Nigeria. Samples of breast milk and complementary food fed to the infants and their excreted urine were collected from the infants and analyzed by ultra-sensitive LC-MS/MS methods. The food samples were contaminated with seven mycotoxin classes, including aflatoxins (21% samples; max: 16 μg/kg) and fumonisins (33% samples; max: 167 μg/kg). Breast milk samples contained seven classes of mycotoxin including aflatoxin M1 (18% samples; max: 2 ng/L), and two mycotoxins (dihydrocitrinone (27% samples; max: 60 ng/L) and sterigmatocystin (4% samples; 1.2 ng/L)) detected for the first time. About 98% of the urine samples contained mycotoxins and up to seven mycotoxin classes were observed. Aflatoxin Q1 was the major aflatoxin metabolite in infant urine, occurring in 68% samples compared to aflatoxin M1 found in 9% samples. About 2–4, 2–6 or 2–6 different mycotoxin classes were found as mixtures in 33%, 100% and 86% of complementary food, breast milk and urine, respectively. All sample type contained mixtures of the carcinogenic aflatoxin and fumonisin. Overall, more mycotoxin occurrence mixtures and higher mean concentrations were foun in the urine of non-exclusively breastfed children compared to exclusively breastfed infants.

Biography:

Ramaroson Rakotosamimanana has completed her PhD in Food Science in 2014 from the Burgundy University (France). She is the head of the sensory laboratory of the National Research Center applied in Rural Development (FOFIFA/CENRADERU) in Madagascar and is the first sensory scientist in this country. She is the first author of four articles in peer-reviewed scientific journals and is member of some consortia of researchers. She is also involved in malnutrition fighting programs.

Abstract:

In some African developing countries a high proportion of population is food-insecured and of low socioeconomic background. Studies specifically focusing on food acceptance and preference of formulated foods are well documented but are not as developed as in high income countries. In this webinar I will present some consumer studies performed to assess highly enriched formulated foods dedicated to vulnerable population in Africa. These studies used sensory methods, however gaps in research on the topics and approaches used by researchers when conducting consumer tests on these populations were observed. Some methodologies modifications may be required when conducting consumer tests with low-income, food-insecure consumers. The consumer studies in undernourished or vulnerable individuals have clearly demonstrated the importance of adapting such studies on formulated foods for these target markets.

Biography:

Kutha Banda completed her Masters Degree at the age of 26 years from the University of Zambia. She is the Senior Research Coordination and Knowledge Translation Officer of the National Health Research Authority, a statutory organisation established by the health research Act in Zambia. She has conducted over 15 studies and policy briefs and has taken part in consultancies in 3 countries in Africa. 

Abstract:

To effectively address high malnutrition burden in Zambia, health systems must be strengthened to deliver an effective continuum of care. This paper examines health system services in relation to nutritional support for children under-five years, in order to identify gaps and propose interventions. We utilized data from a study on factors associated with severe acute malnutrition in under-five children to assess health facility nutrition services offered at select level-one hospitals in five provinces in Zambia.  Stata was used for analysis. We conducted univariate analysis to assess nutrition services offered, functionality of equipment and tools, availability of human resource and human resource development, and availability of drugs used for assessment and management of nutrition-related health outcomes. We found large variations in the level of nutrition services offered across districts.  Of all hospitals sampled, 88% provided group nutrition counseling and 92% offered individual nutrition counseling to their clients. Overall, the existence of referral and counter-referral systems between the community based volunteers and hospitals were the lowest among all services assessed at 48% and 58% respectively.  We also found inadequate numbers of human resource across all cadres with an exception of nutritionists. This study has revealed a number of gaps in the health system and health service delivery to be addressed; most notably, lack of tools, policies and guidelines, drugs and health specialists to help care for malnourished infants and children. Achieving universal coverage for nutrition services in Zambia will require more attention to the health systems issues found in this study.

Biography:

Graduate in Biomedicine at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS, Brazil). During his graduation, worked at the Helmholtz Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (HZI, Germany) investigating the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease. In the Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology (UFRGS, Brazil), he completed his Masters, where studied the effects of the drug trapidil on pulmonary hypertension, and his PhD, which investigated the effects of blueberry extract on right cardiac remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension. At the moment, he is post-doc student in the Laboratory of Cardiovascular Physiology (UFRGS, Brazil). He has published 18 papers in reputed international journals.

Abstract:

Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death globally. It is well established that dietary patterns strongly influence cardiovascular health, with the consumption of fruits and vegetables being assoaciated with decreased risks of cardiovascular disease. In this regard, berries emerge as a subject of significant interest, since not only in vitro and animal studies, but also human clinical data support berries cardioprotective benefits.

Common consumed berries include blackberry, blueberry, cranberry, raspberry, and strawberries, which all contain a large amount of polyphenols, especially anthocyanins, reported to lower the risk of cardiovascular condition not only acting as antioxidant compounds, but also as modulators of antiinflammatory signaling and nitric oxide metabolism. In this sense, our group recently reported the effects of blueberry extract on experimental pulmonary hypertension, which affects mainly the right heart, showing improvements in cardiovascular functional parameters through endothelin-receptors modifications and redox balance resumption. Furthermore, we showed that in vitro blueberry extract treatment prevented cardiac cells apoptosis via modulation of several signaling cascades (FoxO3a/AKT, STAT3/AMPK and mTOR/p70S6K).

Recently, interest in the role of human gut-assoaciated microbiome has grown, particularly associating changes in its composition with modifications in risk factors for cardiovascular condition. Studies demonstrate not only the distribution of different gut microorganisms phyla and orders but also their metabolites production exert pivotal role on cardiovascular outcomes. Considering this subject, berries matrix constituents, specially phenolic compounds can modulate microbial populations, giving rise to an original field of research relating berries consumption and prevention/treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

Biography:

Nuntouchaporn Hutachok is a Ph.D candidate from department of Biochemistry, faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai university, Chiang Mai, Thailand. Her thesis is related to natural product mainly focus on coffee and its effect on factors associated with hypercoagulation in thalassemia.

Abstract:

Coffee (Coffea arabica) is world-wide popular drink along with psychoactive responses and health benefits; however, it may increase risks of cardiovascular diseases and osteoporosis. Chlorogenic acid (CGA), caffeic acid (CA) and caffeine (CF) are reported to be bioactive compounds in coffee and varied in their quantities due to speices, roasting process and temperature, and brew technique. We focus on investigating antioxidant, iron-binding and anti-platelet aggregation activities in different coffee extracts. Coffee beans were roasted, ground and extracted with hot water (80 ï‚°C) using conventional percolation and automatic coffee maker. HPLC/UV results showed CGA and CF contents were 8.83 - 9.44 and 42.31 - 49.13 µg/mg extract, respectively whereas CA was not detected in any coffee extracts. Total phenolic content (TPC) was found to be 125.9 - 141.1 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract. Free-radical scavenging activity was 137 - 161 mg TEAC/g extract by ABTS method and IC50 value was 101 - 212 µg/g extract by DPPH method. The extracts as well as CGA was found to bind iron (Fe3+-NTA) in a dose-dependent manner at 62.5 and 125 µM giving the peaks at 585 and 615 nm, respectively and the binding was decreased at higher concentrations. Levels of CGA, CF, TPC, antioxidant and iron-binding activity were different among different coffee extracts. Surprisingly, inhibitory effect of collagen-induced platelet aggregation was observed with automatic drip coffee maker (61.9%), automatic coffee maker (55.6%), conventional percolation (48.2%) and CGA (12.7%) when compared without treatment. In conclusion, chlorogenic acid which is the most active compound in coffee extracts exerts free-radical scavenging, iron-binding and anti-platelet aggregation effect.

Biography:

Bianca C. Maniglia graduated in Chemistry at University of São Paulo (USP) with specialization in Technology, Biotechnology and Agroindustry. She also graduated in Chemical Engineer at University of Ribeirão Preto. She has completed her PhD at the age 29 years from University of São Paulo – USP. Currently, she is postdoctoral researcher at ONIRIS - École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'Alimentation Nantes-Atlantique. She has 16 papers in reputed journals and 5 chapters book publicated. She has experience in the field of natural polymers (pure and hybrid films, physical and chemical modifications, agroindustrial residues, study of processes such as casting, extrusion and 3D printing).

Abstract:

3D printing aims to build a three-dimensional object from a computer-aided design model. This additive manufacturing technology has been successfully applied in diverse sectors, such as biomedical, aerospace, construction and food. In the food field, 3D printing is able to create personalized foods based on specific properties related to nutritional needs, calorie intake, shape, texture, color or specific flavor, for example. This technique allows for mass production and, at the same time, brings economic and environmental benefits. Currently, four types of 3D food printing technology have been explored: extrusion, inkjet, blasting of binders and selective sintering. Different process parameters and food composition have been explored. In the literature, the most investigations focus on improving the quality of printed food resolution, while few studies focus on developing technology that will provide access to large-scale production systems. This presentation will address the main recent researches in the field of 3D food printing, including work done by our group that evaluates the use of hydrogels based on functional starches (cassava and wheat) to improve the 3D printability. Another point that will be addressed, are the future perspectives of this technology. For example, more recently, printing (4D) appeared; it adds to the (3D) printing, a transformation of the printed material over time.

Biography:

The pharmacological research activity of Dr. Claudio Ferrante is focused on the following main research fields: Role of endogenous peptides on food intake and energy expenditure control; Protective effects of medicinal plants and extracts, with particular regards to inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases; Pharmacology of central monoaminergic system; Optimization of preclinical pharmacological models for the study of the mechanism of action of drugs.

Dr. C. Ferrante is co-author of 84 publications in peer-reviewed international journals. Currently, Dr. Ferrante is also scientific responsible of several projects focusing on the study of the pharmacognostic and pharmacological properties aimed to the valorization of high quality byproducts of Crocus sativus (Saffron) and Cannabis sativa (industrial hemp).

Abstract:

Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) has been long described as a protective agent in experimental models of oxidative stress, inflammation and cancer. Multiple studies also revealed the potential application of high quality saffron byproducts as cheap sources of antioxidants. In this context, the aim of the present work was to characterize the phytochemical profile of the whole byproduct fraction, tepal and anther (CTA) water extracts. Additionally, we evaluated CTA effects on reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity on mouse myoblast (C2C12) and human colon cancer (HCT116) cells. The results of the toxicological evaluation indicated that anther extracts were well tolerated by the employed biological models. Particularly, water anther extract did not exert cytostatic, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in Hs27 cells. Anther extract also revealed to be well tolerated by MCF7 and C2C12 cell lines, in the same concentration range, as showed by the results of viability (MTT) test. Additionally, we tested anther effects on basal and hydrogen peroxide-induced burden of oxidative stress, in both C2C12 and MCF7 cell lines, finding a significant blunting effect induced by the extract on ROS level. Anther extract revealed also effective in blunting LPS-induced levels of pro-oxidant biomarkers such as nitrites and malonildialdehyde (MDA), suggesting protective effects in inflamed tissues. Taken together, the decreased tissue levels of nitrites and MDA induced by anther extracts suggest the valorization of saffron anthers, which are usually discarded, as potential protective agents against the increased burden of oxidative stress in inflammatory conditions.

Biography:

Elena Villacrés is candidate PhD from Valencia a University. She is principal  researcher of Nutrition and Food Quality Department of INIAP, Ecuador. She has directed several research and development projects and She has published more than 20 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

In Latin America and the Caribbean, the number of undernourished people in the region increased by 2.4 million between 2015 and 2016, reaching a total of 42.5 million, equivalent to 6.6% of the population. In South America there is a significant increase in the evolution of undernourishment between 2000 and 2016. On the other hand, the phenomenon of overweight and obesity is increasingly present in all countries of the region, in all age groups and regardless of their level of wealth or geographic location. In 24 countries the prevalence of obesity in the adult population is close to or greater than 20% of the population. Another indicator of malnutrition is the lack of micronutrients. In 2016, 22% of women of childbearing age in LAC were affected by iron deficiency or anemia. The lupine species L. mutabilis could respond to the nutritional and food requirements of many populations of these populations, due to its high content of nutrients, among which protein, fat and minerals stand out. The potential production of this legume is 765 kg of protein and 300 kg of oil per hectare. A fraction of lupine proteins is of special importance in the control of blood glucose levels, useful property for diabetics and people concerned about their health care. This nutrient along with dietary fiber (>35%) give the grain satiating properties, which is used in weight reduction diets. The quality of lupine oil is similar to soybean oil, with a low content of saturated fatty acids and 80% of unsaturated fatty acids. The crude oil of the Andino-451 variety presents an average of 746.95 ppm of γ-tocopherol, among the phytosterols the Stigmast-4eno-3-one stands out, with an average of 25 mg / 100 g, in the three commercial varieties of lupine. Preliminary studies show that the oil has lipid-lowering and hypoglycemic properties. Among the minerals, calcium (0.43-0.48% BS) and iron (1.5-2.0 mg / 100 g BS) stand out. L. mutabilis also presents compounds with antioxidant properties such as polyphenols and carotenoids.

Biography:

Mabel Blades has completed a degree in Nutrition and Dietetics and became a Registered Dietitian and member of the British Dietetic Association.She then went on to do an MBA, MPhil and PhD as well as qulifications in teaching and food safety. An NHS dietetic service was managed for a number of years and now she works as a freelance dietitian doing training, writing, consultancy and advising patients. She edited Nutrition and Food Science for over 10 years plus has published papers in various journals and written books on nutrition, Glycaemic Index, GL and diabetes.

Abstract:

In the UK there are over 16 million patients admitted to hospital each year and all of these require food and fluids to improve their health and manage their condition.

Patients range from premature babies to elderly with such challenging conditions as dementia and all the different nutritional requirements that the life stages bring.

People are admitted to hospital for a variety of conditions where diet has an major impact for example approximately 1 million patients have had surgery of the digestive tract and 18% of inpatients have diabetes.

In addition patients have allergies and intolerances to foods and ingredients, some require differnet texture modifications due to dysphagia, others have various dietary requests for religious or ethical reasons plus people have very definate likes and dislikes.

Staff in hospital which includes over 150,000 doctors plus 320,000 nurses as well a managers, adminstrators and all the others involved in the running of a hospital require to eat. On top of that is the many visitors who often require food and beverages. Thus hospital catering also involves providing a service for staff and visitors.

The Hospital Caterer’s Association (HCA) aims to continuously improve the catering in Hospitals and says “food is the best form of medicine”.  The HCA works closely with the British Dietetic Association.

Biography:

Marta Acín-Albiac got her Bsc. in Food Science at University of Barcelona (UB) and she got specialized during her Msc. In Bioengineering at Sarrià Chemical Institute (IQS-URL, Spain). Currently, she is pursuing her PhD in Food Engineering and Biotechnology at the Free University of Bolzano (UNIBZ) under Prof. Di Cagno supervision. Her main research focus is on the improvement of fermentation strategies based on lactic acid bacteria metabolism to increase nutritional features of foods and to valorize food by-products.

Abstract:

Brewers’ spent grain (BSG), the most abundant by-product generated in the beer-brewing process, represents an example of valuable raw material and source of health promoting compounds. To the date, the valorization of BSG as a food ingredient has been limited due to poor technological and sensory properties. Tailored bioprocessing though lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation is a versatile and sustainable mean for the exploitation of food industry by-products. Indigestible carbohydrates and high phenolic content make of BSG a hostile environment for microbial survival. Our study investigated the metabolic strategies of Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides and Lactobacillus plantarum strains to exploit BSG as a food ingredient. Two distinctive BSG samples from different breweries (Italian IT- and Finish FL-BSG) were microbially and chemically characterized. Growth kinetics, organic acid profiles and the evolution of phenolic profiles during the fermentation in two BSG model media were determined. The results were further complemented with gene expression targeting genes involved in the degradation of cellulose, hemicelluloses building blocks and the metabolism of anti-nutritional factors. Overall, the results were LAB genus dependent showing distinctive metabolic capabilities. Leuc. pseudomesenteroides DSM 20193 may degrade BSG xylans while sucrose metabolism could be furtherly exploited for EPS production to enhance BSG pro-technological properties. Although L. plantarum strains may follow the same metabolic strategies during BSG fermentation, the mode of action to pursue such strategies was strain dependent Phenolic compounds profiling highlighted a novel metabolic route for lignin metabolism. These findings will allow an improvement of understanding of how LAB transform BSG into economically valuable food ingredients.